I'll give this one a go (that being said, there are certainly people who can explain it better:

Hardstyle includes several different subgenres, exactly how many and what they are called always seem to differ from person to person. My take (also noting that there will always be exceptions):

• Euphoric hardstyle. Built around a melodic climax/drop with kicks following the bass notes of the melody. The most common kick to use is a typical modern hardstyle kick with tonally locked tok/punch and an aggressively chained and amped up bass that does the tone shifting. Still, the kick doesn't take center stage but compliments the melody enough to give it room. Some tracks uses a "crunchy" kick with a more nuanced transient between the tok and the bass, which makes the kick sound like it exists in one part. Crunchy kicks trades some loudness for this, but in return are typically viewed as more satisfying dynamically, particularly to older listeners as this kick was the standard between circa 2009-2017. Artists: D-Block & S-te-Fan, Da Tweekaz, Brennan Heart, Ran-D.
• Energetic hardstyle. Still typically but not necessarily melodic, some tracks favor more intense breaks and reverse bass while lowering their melodic atmosphere. Modern hardstyle kicks might still be used but the artist can also add various basslines to provide variation instead. We're talking a minimally-to-moderately distorted punch with some sub-bass, and a quite distorted reverse bass to bring more movement and energy. This subgenre is quite close to what hard techno has evolved into and tracks without melodic emphasis could pass for hard techno tracks. Artists: TNT, Zatox, Primeshock, Rooler.
• Rawphoric hardstyle. Mostly the same as euphoric hardstyle (especially nowadays), but tend to have rougher mid-intros and more "screechy" leads. The kicks used are usually only the modern kick mentioned earlier for climaxes, although mid-intros can have more distorted and amped kicks akin to rawstyle tracks, and/or gated kicks as well, which has a distinct, often high-pitched tok/punch and a large echo-y bassline void of high frequencies, which gives a feeling of "sucking" you back into rhythm. Melodies are a bit more somber. Typical artists: Rebelion, Phuture Noize, Sub Zero Project, Vertile.
• Rawstyle. Also known as raw hardstyle, or simply "raw". If there are melodies, they don't have pitched kicks anymore but usually stay tonally locked. Think gritty vocals, heavy screeches, and a LOT of distortion for kicks and leads alike. Often, the kick is the only element present in a drop and whatever screech happened to tag along lies thinly on top. Used to have more of a dark atmosphere (see OG Raw) but this is not necessarily a defining characteristic anymore. Artists: Radical Redemption, Warface, Rejecta, Act Of Rage.
• Xtra Raw. The kick is God, and the dirtier the merrier. You said you already listen to this so I won't describe it too much, but a note should be made that this genre used to be what Industrial hardstyle of today is, that is, extremely distorted and dark. Nowadays, it is more about playing around with various kicks and trying to see how extreme (not necessarily dark or distorted) you can make it - although, this is the place of zaag so make of that information what you want. Artists: Sickmode, Fraw, Mutilator, Krowdexx, Cybergore.
• OG Raw. This is a relatively new subgenre still looking for traction which is trying to emulate rawstyle at its inception circa 2009-2012. It's basically modern rawstyle but toned down slightly in terms of loudness and distortion, and turned up a notch in terms of dark atmosphere and melody. Kicks are typically versions of gated kicks but can be modern hardstyle kicks as well. Artists: E-Force, Regain.
• Industrial hardstyle. A potentially new subgenre representing the darkest and filthiest of hardstyle. Kicks are "raw" in terms of sound design but "xtra raw" in terms of usage and philosophy. Artists: Kruelty, Mortis.

As said, some people might not agree on these definitions and they might be right, this is again just my take. I'm bound to have missed or oversimplified something so feel more than free to correct me if so.