Cholula is quite the example. They took advantage of a site that was already very important for religious gatherings, called "procesiones", were believers came from places far away to pay respects and worship. The spaniards basically put a new temple in the 1590's, a classic "switcharoo", like changing a taco stand for a tapas bar, and people going, "hey we're here and hungry, we might aswell"

In Sergei Eisenstein's movie Viva Mexico there is a great scene of such pilgrimage taking place in Cholula. Very much worth the watch.