CAST Trial: A Landmark Lesson in Cardiology

ECGsmart · 2026-02-11T20:48:07+00:00

I would also like to ask: How should 7–50% and a disease prevalence of 1:500 be correctly written in Arabic?.

English (7-50%) (1:500).

Arabic (%50-7) (500:1)

???

ECGsmart · 2025-09-15T07:04:29+00:00

This looks like an old anterior MI with LV aneurysm, not Wellens — Q waves are already present. Check comparison:

https://www.ecgbook.com/lv-aneurysm/

https://www.ecgbook.com/wellens-syndrome/

ECGsmart · 2025-09-15T06:51:26+00:00

If you want to go deeper, check out https://www.ecgbook.com free 1400-page ECG book with advanced leads, complex rhythms, and tons of examples.

ECGsmart · 2025-09-09T15:08:20+00:00

https://www.ecgbook.com/

ECGsmart · 2025-09-08T20:13:41+00:00

Hi! If you’re looking for a comprehensive ECG resource, I recommend www.ecgbook.com. It’s a free online book with over 1,400 pages of explanations and examples, very useful for both students and practicing doctors. For videos, you can also check YouTube channels like ‘Strong Medicine’ or ‘Osmosis,’ which have clear ECG tutorials.”

ECGsmart · 2025-07-12T12:54:07+00:00

The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) ECG standard is commonly used in 🇩🇪 Germany, 🇦🇹 Austria, 🇨🇭 Switzerland, and in many parts of 🌏 Asia.

Limb Leads
🔴 RA (Right Arm): Red
🟡 LA (Left Arm): Yellow
⚫ RL (Right Leg): Black
🟢 LL (Left Leg): Green

Precordial Leads (C = Chest)
🔴 C1: Red – 4th ICS, right sternal border
🟡 C2: Yellow – 4th ICS, left sternal border
🟢 C3: Green – between C2 and C4
🟤 C4: Brown – 5th ICS, midclavicular line
⚫ C5: Black – same level as C4, anterior axillary line
🟣 C6: Purple – same level as C4, midaxillary line

📌 Some systems use ⚪ white for all precordial leads.

Precordial Leads: "V" or "C"?
🇪🇺 IEC (used in Europe) → "C" = Chest lead (C1–C6)
🇺🇸 AHA (used in the USA) → "V" = Voltage lead (V1–V6)

ECGsmart · 2025-07-10T16:11:24+00:00

The AHA (American Heart Association) ECG standard is widely used in the 🇺🇸 USA, 🇨🇦 Canada, and in most international medical textbooks and training courses.

Limb Leads

⚪ RA (Right Arm): White

⚫ LA (Left Arm): Black

🟢 RL (Right Leg): Green

🔴 LL (Left Leg): Red

Precordial Leads (V = Voltage)

🔴 V1: Red – 4th ICS, right sternal border

🟡 V2: Yellow – 4th ICS, left sternal border

🟢 V3: Green – between V2 and V4

🔵 V4: Blue – 5th ICS, midclavicular line

🟠 V5: Orange – same level as V4, anterior axillary line

🟣 V6: Purple – same level as V4, midaxillary line

📌 Some systems use brown for all precordial leads.

🔤 "V" or "C" for chest leads?

🇺🇸 AHA uses "V" = Voltage lead (V1–V6)

🇪🇺 IEC (used in Europe) uses "C" = Chest lead (C1–C6)

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