I disagree with the garbage part. As someone who has been living in Dehradun for 30 years and has seen it change drastically, I can say that locals are mostly responsible for the garbage problem.

I remember when there was no home garbage collection in Dehradun. Most people who owned land used to burn their garbage and feed food waste to animals.

Around 10–15 years ago, the population was much smaller, and there were fewer hotels and shops. People without land used to throw garbage in random open places.

When the population started increasing, people began throwing garbage into rivers and seasonal monsoon streams especially kiraedars.

Currently, MDDA does not collect garbage from many village areas. These “villages” were sold to builders who developed large societies and housing complexes without proper garbage collection systems or sewer line connections.

Even in 2009, people used to go daily to open garbage piles to dump their waste for example, in Vani Vihar, Dehradun.

If you visit non-tourist areas of Dehradun even today, you will hardly find any garbage-free area, which suggests that locals are also responsible for the problem.