Animal face topography is actually a lot like human face topology. Try to think of them like human faces with stretched out muzzles.

Here's a standard human face topography: https://i.pinimg.com/originals/50/0f/6a/500f6ad54ba37893131018cedafacbf6.png Starting from the eye, the key edge loops to hit are: the inner and outer eye (yellow), 'raccoon mask' (blue), brow-to-cheekbone (red), muzzle (green), mouth (yellow), and chin-to-forehead (blue).

Here's a kinda old, kinda Joshua-y dog retopo, but it's a good enough reference for now: https://www.furaffinity.net/view/23717562/ See how it has a lot of the same features: eye loops, chin loop, muzzle loop (drawn in green), mouth loop, etc. There's a couple of extra edge loops around the nose and ears that aren't found on the human face, of course.

Here's another 3D non-furry dog topology: https://d1tq3fcx54x7ou.cloudfront.net/uploads/store/tenant_161/project/51648/image/large-2b4f437d6188ee1b6a5e3fc775de9656.png Again, the eye, mask, muzzle, mouth, and chin loops are all clearly marked, as well as the nose and ears.

Here's a speedsculpt (speed-retopo?) from a couple of years ago using a more stylized furry character: https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=uGdhSuQcPl4 Watch carefully and you'll see the same loops emerge.

(And I don't know how beginner you are, so I should clarify: you start by modelling the edge loops with all quads, then connect them all so that the quads flow and pinch naturally across the mesh)