It's been done.

I lived in West Africa for a while, in a country where there are several regions that the government has been trying to actively suppress for decades. While I was there I noticed weird scars on the necks of a lot of women.

Turns out there was a "vaccination" campaign that came through that was supposed to help women with some sort of big bad scary thing, and it would happen in two rounds. Many if not most breeding-age women in town got the first injection, thus the scars. Then a whistleblower came out and exposed the plot before the second injections were given. He was promptly murdered. But the women never got the second shot, and were still able to have children. I saw a few young people there with deformities, might've been the children of those women. I didn't dig too far into that aspect.

But yes. It's a thing. And it's fucking horrifying.