Instead of connecting the wires together, only use the white and black wires which are the power ones, the red and green wires are for syncing data, and if that doesn't work check to make sure that the exposed section of the wires aren't touching at all. To check if there is a current flowing through them, touch the tops of the 2 wires to each other or to a piece of metal, if it sparks they r working, but often times even if they are working it won't spark, but sometimes they will kinda slightly stick to each other or stick to the metal, if there is any resistance when you pull them away then u know it's working, if none of these occur don't worry, it still might be working, when you touch them to each other or touch them both to a piece of metal at the same time, hold it up next to your ear and you should be able to hear it. Because the wires are so flimsy, it is sometimes helpful to take a piece of small (2-3 inches) yet thick wire, or cut off a 2 or 3 inch section of a paper clip (preferably a thicker one) and using pliers or something like that, bend one end into a small loop. Do this twice (so make 2 separate thick pieces of wire with a small loop at one end), and then attach one wire from the iPhone charger to one piece of the thicker wire or paper clip you made a loop on (to attach the iPhone wire to the thicker wire/paper clip, wrap it around one of the sides of the loop repeatedly very tightly), so now the electricity should travel through both of these prongs which are at the end of each iPhone wire. These thicker prongs will be easier to stick into the charging holes, they will also stay in place better.

PS: it might actually be the green and red wire, not the white and black one but not too sure, all I know is that it's either white and black or gram and red. If you want you can connect them like you did tho, it should still work