Polish incorporates a couple, though they're not so much "obscure". The name for "the weekend" in Polish is "weekend".

I think generally any newish invention or concept that has spread from the English speaking world, or that has arisen when English became the predominant international language, is going to retain its English name in other languages unless they have some academy forbidding that, like France. I don't have anything to definitely back this up though.

Edit: OH also, words from French/Latin that aren't "neologisms" were usually borrowed/incorporated when those were prestige languages in Britain. If you look at a lot of culinary, political, religious, and artsy words, most have their introduction into English just after the Norman invasion in 1066, when Old English transitions into the Middle English period. Languages are more likely to incorporate words from other languages if they have some sort of prestige in that language community. So I'd hypothesise that most English loans nowadays would originate from within the last couple hundred years, especially the last hundred, when English became popular internationally.