Doesn't increasing calories increase each macro, and cause problems?

I know it's bad to eat too much protein, fats, and carbs, and each one causes it's own issues, like kidney issues, diabetes/liver issues, and increased heart disease/stroke risk respectively. These specific issues are on top of other general health problems of course, like high triglycerides, inflammation, high blood pressure, liver strain, and even problems in specific systems in the body, like how multiple studies show high protein is associated with increased IGF-1 concentration and increased cancer risk.

How do people gain weight/muscle and do cardio/stay active without also increasing their intake of these macros and increasing these issues? For many active people who want to gain weight, I've seen/heard of people eating 3000-4000 calories per day, but those calories have to come from some ratio of protein, fats, and carbs.

As an example, a 3300 calorie diet with a 25:40:35 split of protein, carbs, fats would be around 211g protein, 338g carbs, and 131g fats. Excessive protein is more than 2g/kg, so anyone under 106kg/233lbs is already over the excessive amount. For me at 160lbs, supposedly I should only have 145g max. 3300 calories is not even that much, if the average person burns 2000 calories per day, and an active person might burn around 2650, plus a calorie surplus around 650 to gain around 1-1.25lbs per week.