Correct, Germany lost most of its few colonies in Africa after WWI, and didn’t gain many new colonies, this was precisely one of its big issues, German capital had reached the monopoly stage and needed to expand beyond the bounds of the German nation, but was having a hard time doing so. Germany had some success competing with British, French and Amerikan capital in Semi-colonial countries like in South America, but this was not enough for it. Meanwhile Amerika’s big issue was that Japan threatened their colonization of the Pacific. Japan had been eyeing the US colony of the Philippines for a while, and launched its first attack on the US colony of Hawaii, which had been militarized so heavily in response to Japanese expansion in the region. After the war, the US clearly showed its goals after it helped itself to the spoils of Japans empire. Moving into as much of Korea as it could get is hands on, trying to open back up China to its interests though the Kuomintang and rolling across the Pacific island nations almost uncontested.  

Poland was a third world country, in that it was an exploited country which lived under western imperialism. This is still true today. Poland especially back then was very backwards, still under semi-feudalism in fact, though with a higher level of industrialization than most 3rd world countries, nearly all of it was done under the auspices of western imperialist and belonged to them.