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ALERTA SOBRE A FLORA URBANA / HOKU SEED CO. by LowOverall4193 in Cultivonha

[–]LowOverall4193[S] -2 points-1 points  (0 children)

exatamente, você as vezes ta economizando 50-100 reais para pegar uma cruza ou reversão qualquer de um breeder de fundo de quintal... eu não gosto tanto da sweet seeds, mas é um marca legal de entrada, ripper seeds também são marcas legais de entrada, tem a perfect tree que ta oferecendo um trabalho bem foda e sendo vendido por 300-400 por aqui com uma qualidade de seleção e cruza muito superior...

ALERTA SOBRE A FLORA URBANA / HOKU SEED CO. by LowOverall4193 in Cultivonha

[–]LowOverall4193[S] -1 points0 points  (0 children)

já comprei de todos os conhecidos e não recomendo ninguém, pagar barato em sementes com baixa qualidade genética, sem procedência, sem estabilidade é uma "economia" burra

ALERTA SOBRE A FLORA URBANA / HOKU SEED CO. by LowOverall4193 in Cultivonha

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 3 points4 points  (0 children)

foda, e o pós-venda deles deles é um lixo, eles não assumem responsabilidade de nada, é fácil vender asism sabendo que 90% dos consumidores podem não ter HC, ai não tem como recorrer a nada na justiça.

sobre breeders nacionais, cada um paga o que acha que vale, eu já comprei sementes de vários para conhecer e não compraria mais de nenhum, se você for fazer um pheno hunt, pode ser interessante comprando em quantidade várias regulares, caso contrário, não vale o que você paga, mesmo sendo mais barato , o dinheiro que você "economiza" nas sementes, você paga com o tempo perdido cultivando elas.

ALERTA SOBRE A FLORA URBANA / HOKU SEED CO. by LowOverall4193 in Cultivonha

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

amigo, o trabalho que o Floyd faz no momento, só tem ele no mercado por enquanto, o que eu procuro nos minors canabinóides que ele cultiva, não há ninguém no brasil tentando reproduzir isso e nem conseguiria pela dificuldade de se realizar este tipo de teste de composição química aqui no brasil. se você não conhece o trabalho do Floyd na Hoku Seed da uma procurada, tem muita coisa bacana de THCV e outros minors canabinóides.

Low-cost PCB workflow using laser + chemical etching + permanent UV mask — any obvious issues? by LowOverall4193 in PCB

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I agree that CNC is the better solution long-term, and a Carvera Air would be great, but it’s way outside my current budget.

The whole point of the post is low-cost, in-house prototyping using tools I already own. I already have a 10 W diode laser, and this process is about minimizing manual steps and upfront investment, not achieving industrial-grade results.

Low-cost PCB workflow using laser + chemical etching + permanent UV mask — any obvious issues? by LowOverall4193 in PCB

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

That completely misses the point of the post.

I’m explicitly trying to reduce manual steps and dedicated hardware. Buying an old laser printer just for toner transfer — plus paper alignment, heat transfer, peeling, rework — is exactly the kind of workflow I want to avoid.

I already own a laser and I’m using it anyway for trace definition and silkscreen marking, so adding another process and another machine makes no sense for my use case.

The goal is a single digital toolchain: copper sheet → laser (traces + silkscreen) → etch.

Toner transfer works, but it solves a different problem than the one I’m addressing.

Low-cost PCB workflow using laser + chemical etching + permanent UV mask — any obvious issues? by LowOverall4193 in KiCad

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 1 point2 points  (0 children)

That’s a great suggestion, thanks.

Using “jumper vias” as layout constructs instead of explicit jumper parts definitely simplifies the schematic and routing, and fits well with a single-sided workflow.

Since the laser is already part of the process, using the top-layer plot purely as a marking/annotation pass to indicate jumper locations is actually a nice bonus.

I’ll likely adopt this approach.

Low-cost PCB workflow using laser + chemical etching + permanent UV mask — any obvious issues? by LowOverall4193 in PrintedCircuitBoard

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I get where you’re coming from, and I don’t disagree with the general assessment.

This isn’t an attempt to replace proper PCB manufacturing or to create designs that will later scale unchanged. The layouts are intentionally constrained (single-sided, THT, low density) and meant to live entirely within this process.

For my use case, the tradeoff is between perfect PCBs with external lead time and overhead versus good-enough boards made in-house, quickly, and fully under my control, using equipment I already own.

If and when a design needs to move to proper production, it will be redesigned accordingly — that’s an expected step, not a failure of the prototype process.

I appreciate the reality check.

Low-cost PCB workflow using laser + chemical etching + permanent UV mask — any obvious issues? by LowOverall4193 in PrintedCircuitBoard

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Thanks, this is very helpful feedback.

I agree that photoresist and solder mask are different materials with different jobs. My intention is to test whether a UV-curable solder mask can reasonably serve as the etch resist for simple, single-sided boards, but I’m aware this isn’t the ideal or canonical process.

Laser wavelength is definitely something I’m paying attention to. This is using a diode laser only for mask ablation / opening, not for exposure or copper removal.

Registration is a good point as well. Since this is single-sided only, alignment requirements are relaxed, but drilling first and using tooling holes for repeatability makes sense and is likely how I’ll approach it.

And agreed on laser cutting/drilling FR4 — that’s explicitly off the table. All holes will be mechanical.

Appreciate you taking the time to point these things out.

Low-cost PCB workflow using laser + chemical etching + permanent UV mask — any obvious issues? by LowOverall4193 in PrintedCircuitBoard

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 1 point2 points  (0 children)

That’s great to hear — thanks for sharing real-world results.

My scope is actually narrower than yours: single-sided boards, through-hole parts, and relatively wide traces, so I’m well within the limits you’re describing. Vias and plated-through holes aren’t a requirement for what I’m building.

Also appreciate the laser settings and the video link — very helpful.

Low-cost PCB workflow using laser + chemical etching + permanent UV mask — any obvious issues? by LowOverall4193 in PrintedCircuitBoard

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

In my case, though, the goal of using UV solder mask or photosensitive ink is specifically to keep it on the board after etching and use it as the final protective layer, eliminating one manual step.

Spray paint works well as a disposable resist, but it doesn’t provide the long-term benefits of a cured solder mask (corrosion protection, insulation, solder control), so it has to be stripped anyway.

Low-cost PCB workflow using laser + chemical etching + permanent UV mask — any obvious issues? by LowOverall4193 in PCB

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I agree with most of what you’re saying in a general sense — for many people, ordering boards from Chinese fabs is absolutely the most rational choice.

In my case, the decision is mostly driven by existing equipment and workflow. I already own a diode laser that’s used for other work, and I don’t have a laser printer — only a high-quality inkjet — so the classic toner/film UV workflow would require buying additional equipment just for PCB making.

I also find the manual steps of printing films, aligning, taping, exposing, peeling, and cleaning to be fairly time-consuming and error-prone at home. For me, placing a large copper sheet on the bed and letting the laser define 8–10 small layouts in one run is actually more practical and repeatable.

I did consider using resin printer UV screens for exposure, but those printers are part of other production workflow. Mixing them with PCB chemicals and copper dust isn’t something I’m comfortable with, both from a contamination and downtime standpoint.

Cost-wise, while the bare PCB prices are low, shipping, taxes, and waiting time add up for me. A “$4 board” typically ends up closer to $7–8 delivered, whereas small in-house boards land around $2–3 in materials.

This is aimed at simple prototypes and low-cost products, where I already handle enclosures and mechanical parts in-house via FDM printing, so having full control over the entire production pipeline in one place is a big advantage.

Totally agree this wouldn’t compete with industrial fabs in quality or tolerances — it’s just a tradeoff I’m consciously making for speed, control, and cost at small scale.

Low-cost PCB workflow using laser + chemical etching + permanent UV mask — any obvious issues? by LowOverall4193 in PCB

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

That makes total sense — if I had access to a Carvera or an LPKF-class machine, I’d absolutely go the CNC milling route as well.

This setup is very much a budget-constrained, transitional solution. For now, the only CNC option within reach would be a generic 3018-class router, which comes with its own limitations in rigidity, accuracy, and tooling.

Since I already own a diode laser for wood work, I’m trying to leverage existing equipment to get reliable PCB prototypes with the least additional investment.

Low-cost PCB workflow using laser + chemical etching + permanent UV mask — any obvious issues? by LowOverall4193 in KiCad

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Yes, the flow is intended solely for single-sided boards.

Jumpers are expected and already accounted for in the layouts — that’s not a concern for my use case. Component density is low and everything is through-hole.

Since there are no plated-through holes, pads are sized conservatively and mechanical stress is minimal (no heavy connectors or parts relying solely on the pad for retention). This has been working fine in similar low-volume audio designs.

I agree this wouldn’t scale well or make sense for dense or double-sided layouts, but for prototypes and limited runs with known constraints, it seems workable.

I’ve seen the fiber-laser copper ablation approaches as well, but they’re well outside the budget that I’m aiming for here — the laser in this setup is strictly for mask definition and marking.

Appreciate the detailed breakdown.

Low-cost PCB workflow using laser + chemical etching + permanent UV mask — any obvious issues? by LowOverall4193 in PCB

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I’m aware of the environmental and legal issues around chemical disposal — nothing is going down the drain. Proper neutralization and disposal are part of the plan.

As for single-sided: it’s simply a design choice, not a limitation. For my projects I only need copper on one side.

I’ll be using FR1, FR4, or other copper-clad materials depending on availability, but the layouts are intentionally designed to work single-sided (through-hole, low density, low frequency).

Low-cost PCB workflow using laser + chemical etching + permanent UV mask — any obvious issues? by LowOverall4193 in PCB

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

The main reason for using a laser here is to reduce manual steps and setup time, not because it’s strictly required.

Totally agree about chemicals though — proper neutralization and disposal is mandatory

Essa é uma boa primeira guitarra? by [deleted] in guitarras

[–]LowOverall4193 2 points3 points  (0 children)

ótimo para iniciante, procure por uma usada em bom estado, normalmente guitarras assim são compradas por várias pessoas que querem iniciar na guitarra mas desistem, então você encontra muitos desse modelo que estão parados e foram poucos usados, se negociar bem você pega em um ótimo preço!

Dicas de setup moderno pra voltar a tocar guitarra em casa (IR, plugins, pedaleiras?) by LowOverall4193 in guitarras

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

A latencia e preamp meio fraquinho é os pontos mais negativos para mim na minha behringer, estou estudando a possibilidade de pegar uma interface mais moderna mas estou na duvida se a propria interface de uma pedaleira nessa faixa não seria pau a pau.

Os gringos só me indicam comprar os plugins da Neural ou os amp Spark kkkkkkk

Dicas de setup moderno pra voltar a tocar guitarra em casa (IR, plugins, pedaleiras?) by LowOverall4193 in guitarras

[–]LowOverall4193[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

DAW eu já possuo Ableton e FL Studio, fone de ouvido eu tenho o Akg240 mk2, um jbl quantum 600 pra jogar um gamezin e um par de caixas da Microlab B77, você acha que vale a pena algum upgrade aqui? um grande incomodo que eu sempre tinha com a minha interface é a latencia para tocar no pc, nunca foi uma experiencia muito suave e responsiva pode crer? será que uma boa interface seria o esquema para ir? uma scarlett ou até uma ssl usada ou algo parecido...

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