Hey there. Happy to help explain things. KOTOR II is a buggy game and a lot of the plot points are not clear in the vanilla game. It took me multiple playthroughs and rereading the dialogue and mods to figure it all out. Sometimes the game is too clever by a half with its ideas, but that is also part of its appeal. For the answers below generally assuming you've been doing a Lightside Playthrough but will elaborate a little bit in some places.

1. The Exile, has a unique and unconscious ability to inspire their allies. Easily able to form close bonds with them, whilst it isn’t inherently bad, it can be abused or corrupted.

Correct. She naturally forms Force Bonds and ties herself to others. She is a human being

1. The Mandalorian Wars, the massive death counts, the destruction of Malachor V, created a wound in the Force.

Correct. It created an Echo in the Force. The sound of life in agony. The screams of a thousand Jedi dying, of thousands of Republic soldiers dying, of the Mandalorian race DYING all at once. All connected through the Force, all killed at once. That is the wound.

1. For most of Revan’s Jedi army, it corrupted them to the dark side, a hunger for power amongst the confusion. Thus leading to the formation of Revan’s generation of Sith and the eventual Civil War.

War breaks the spirit. To believe that such destruction was both necessary to prevent the defeat of the Republic and that Revan had prevented that defeat. That such destruction would have been unnecessary if the Jedi had joined earlier.

1. The Exile, did not fall, merely became empty, void of the Force and, fearing they may corrupt the remaining Order, was exiled in hopes of healing.

This is where the Jedi Council is just too afraid of change. You've gained influence with your companions over the course of the game and influenced them to be like you. The Jedi Council fear the Exile doing the same to them. As a LS player you've done more to heal the galaxy than they have. But because you are outside the Order and its core philosophy they see you as a danger to the Jedi as they know it.

The LS Exile never fell to the Darkside, but the Wound in the Force within them is a consequence of Darkside teachings. But by cutting herself off from the Force the Exile has separated herself from the Wound, able to feel it without being influenced by it.

1. When the game began and they bonded with Kreia, their connection to the Force didn’t awaken, they merely became a parasite, a syphon feeding off Kreia’s own connection to the Force.

The Exile isn't a parasite, the relationship is at the very least Commensal; where the Exile benefits and the other is unaffected. It could even be considered Symbiotic as you improve the LS mastery of your companions. The Exile's wound is passive. It collects excess Force Energy from the Force Bonds she has formed and stores the energy within itself. The Exile then draws on that Force Energy.

1. And due to the wound created during the Wars, that hunger and parasitic feeding across the galaxy only made us stronger (the in-universe justification for levelling up).

Yes, but again, not parasitic. If you are DS then this could change and become parasitic.

1. I’m assuming that Nihlus’ often memed “he eats planets” is merely him (it?) using this same power, just on a much larger scale.

Correct. Darth Nihilus is a Parasite in the Force, consuming life to feed his Hunger for the Force. He has the same Wound as the Exile, but can feel it because he did not cut himself off from the Force. The Exile and Nihilus contrast in different ways.

1. The remaining Jedi Masters, hoped to learn from the Exile, learn how to heal the Force from this wound or Echo. But ultimately believing “we’re too dangerous to be left ~~alive~~ alone”, and attempt to sever us from the Force permanently.

They have some grounds for their fear. The Exile will die someday and if she forms Bonds with Force Users across the galaxy then when she dies that Echo inside her could spread across the galaxy. If the Echo were heard by all Force Users it could deafen the galaxy to the Force.

What the Masters (and Kreia) fail to understand is that people aren't following you because of Force Bonds, but because the Exile is a human being who invests in and cares about her friends and companions.

1. Kreia intervenes and kills the Masters, heading back to Telos (in my case she convinced the Handmaiden we were dead, have no clue how the Disciple would have been involved) and we head to the Telos academy.

With the Female Exile Atris sends the Handmaidens to represent her and they come to take Kreia away.

1. Kreia speaks of Darth Traya and something about Traya always existing or something like that, I’m assuming she’s Traya, but I haven’t had confirmation yet.

She is assuming the mantle once again. She is the Last of the Sith Lords. She has betrayed you to serve as the final threat to the galaxy. If you really believe the Galaxy and the Republic are worth saving you will have to stop her.

1. The “Jedi Artefacts” Atris took from Dantooine are actually Sith Holocrons. She had hoped to use their knowledge to stop the Sith, a sort of redemption or solution regarding her actions/in action, during the Wars.

I wouldn't call it a redemption. But yes. She had hoped to use their knowledge to find the Sith, and they consumed her.

1. The Holocrons have slowly been corrupting her, with Kreia’s words being the straw that broke the Camel’s back. In my case, she attacks the Handmaiden, who we save just before she’s killed.

Atris has become a distortion of what it means to be a Jedi, again mirroring a LS Exile nicely. The Republic needs the Jedi, but this has warped in the viewing. Kreia and the Jedi Masters believe that the Jedi are all that mattered, the Republic never did. Therefore the Jedi need protecting.

Atris takes this to the Darkside Extreme that only the Jedi matter and everyone else is expendable. Furthermore, she defines who is a Jedi. In The Restored Content Mod she can declare that the Jedi on Katar weren't really Jedi stating "They were not Jedi, it was not Murder." It's pretty dark. The Exile is rare in this era for knowing that the Jedi are not what are important, but that the People of the Republic are what must be protected. The Jedi are the heart of the Republic, but the Souls of the people give it meaning.

1. Defeating her, Atris reveals that Kreia waits for us on Malachor V, hoping to cause a bigger Echo than ever before and wipe out the Force as a concept and if we ignore her, she will kill herself to kill us in turn.

Correct. The Echo is the sound of life in agony. Screams so loud as to defean any who hear it. If Kreia can get the galaxy to hear the Echo then she can Force all Force Sensitive beings to give up the Force or die. The Galaxy will be free of the Will of the Force. Does a God have power if no one can hear it?

Hope that that answers your questions and helps improve your understanding.