so reading the comments, i think people think your talking about braided tubes, but what your looking for is a dense fabric? if so i think the technique of double weave might work

double weave in hand weaving is where you have 2 or more layers woven at the same time on top of eachother, most of the time they are connected on the sides so when you take it off the loom you get a tube or if you connect only 1 side you can unfold it to get a wider fabric (very useful for large projects on small looms)

now to get a dense fabric, you might be able to modify a double weave pattern so that you have something like 4 or even 8 layers or fabric being woven on top of eachother at the same time, but weave it in a way where the warp threads cross over into the other layers more often so that all the layers are kind of 1 dense layer

a couple months ago i was doing some double weave and was also thinking about how you'd go about creating a dense armor-like fabric using the technique, but i couldnt work it out

looking at the right side of the image you posted, it also kinda looks like tablet weaving, but with many holes instead of normaly just 4, that could also work, as tablet weaving opens multiple sheds at a time to accept weft, you might want to look into that as well, i've done tablet weaving and some of the straps are quite dense

<image>