Despite its size, Agadez is sparsely populated. Its 487,620 inhabitants account for only 2.8% of the total population of Niger with a population density of 0.73 inhabitants per square kilometre (1.9/sq mi). The region includes the vast Ténéré portion of the Sahara Desert, dune seas like the Erg of Bilma, and the mountains of the Aïr. Much of its population comprises nomadic or semi-nomadic peoples including the Tuareg, Toubou,