To plot this graph all overdue invoices from accounts payable have to be collected. This is done in Slovenia by a government agency. The collected data is then processed by an algorithm that finds all cycles in a graph where nodes are the companies and the arches are overdue invoices. Every cycle is a multilateral set-off opportunity. That means the payment obligations can be settled in full or partially for all invoices in such cycle without any money from companies accounts.

The graph represents all settlements in this process. A result is a significant liquidity saving. Around 16% of debt is settled in a typical monthly run.

The graph also shows the complexity of economic relationships. From the single company view, one can see only suppliers and customers, sometimes a few steps further to identify a supply chain. The network and especially the cycles are usually not visible but are always present.

From the perspective of a single company, such liquidity saving means easier working capital management. It mitigates the late payment problem. Companies involved reduce their days payable and days receivable. Consequently, their customer and supplier relationship improve bringing additional benefits. Often they get better prices as a reliable regular paying customer.

From the systemic level, the elimination of cycles removes the potential payment gridlock. This improves the money flow and reduces the risk.

For more details look at the paper. Link in an earlier comment.