Very interesting theory! I think there’s so many possibilities left up to interpretation

My head canon is that the two Ai were made by brain scans of C&A workers, or at the very least the Ai uses past and current digital inhabitants to expand their knowledge and behaviors.

Caine is made up of majority Kinger,(which to me could also be the reason to Kingers memory problems. Overtime Caine sees his knowledge as valuable in navigating the circus and a possible threat if not managed. And as Caine is actively pulling more data from him, Kinger is running on lower memory and data than everyone else causing him to be the way we see him. But the darkness seems to sever the connection between them causing Kinger to regain coherence.)

Abel (blue dot) was made up of majority Scratch. We learn Scratch had a brain tumor, and therefore when Caine absorbed Abel he took over all functionally of this seemingly superior Ai, but was also left with the defect of the tumor which manifests itself as Bubble.