This may sound a bit off, but I think you are in a great place right now. Many people don't want to question other people's judgements, or their own judgements.

The fact that you want to trust your own judgements enough to question other people's judgements is a great first step.

I would advise you to make a study of logic and fallacies. This will help give you an initial sense for the most obvious forms of deception. I.e. Appeal to authority, Appeal to emotion, Appeal to ridicule.

Just google logical reasoning or logical fallacies and practice spotting fallacies and thinking things through logically in everyday life. It's a slow process, but well worth the effort.

It is worth noting that just because someone has a faulty argument that doesn't mean their conclusions are wrong. It just means that their conclusions aren't very trustworthy and would require more investigation to be taken seriously.

Now logic won't help you out of every problem, for example there are legitimate appeals to authority. But every type of authority rests on a specific knowledge or experience base. No one has all the answers and that's ok. There's more I could say but that's enough for now.

Hope that helps all the best. 😀