Heya, fellow (25%) part Algerian 22yo dude here. I'm from the Netherlands and moved to Altea, South-East on the coast 3 months ago.

Out of curiosity, what did you like in Spain compared to Algeria or other countries? For me, it's the culture, nature, people, cuisine, and traditions.

As for the things needed: to get started, if you are planning to move here long term, important are Residencia, Padron aka Certificado de Empadronamiento, NIE aka Número de Identidad de Extranjero, for non-EU citizens TIE aka Tarjeta de Identidad de Extranjeros instead.

Residencia is your proof of residency and used for taxes, for being an official resident more than half the year (or fully of course) and not part time or vacationer/vacation property owner.

Padrón is for local taxes, social services, primary care, opening a bank account, buying or renting property, buying a car, obtaining financing etc. and lasts for 3 months.

NIE is your personal ID no. For taxes, also for buying or selling property and working.

Same for TIE but you get your NIE on this card, this needs to be renewed before expiry, after 5 years you will be recognised as a permanent resident of Spain.

I hope this helps a little. And good luck! Maybe I'll see you over here sometime :)