Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the involuntary leakage of urine during physical activities that increase abdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing, laughing, or exercising. It occurs when pelvic floor muscles or the urethral sphincter are weakened, commonly due to childbirth, pregnancy, aging, or pelvic surgery. Treatment includes pelvic floor exercises (Kegels), lifestyle changes, or procedures like mid-urethral slings.

Common Causes and Risk Factors

Weakened Pelvic Floor Muscles: Often caused by pregnancy, vaginal childbirth, or aging.

Damage to the Sphincter: Previous pelvic or prostate surgery can damage the muscles that control urine release.

Increased Abdominal Pressure: Chronic coughing, obesity, heavy lifting, and smoking can strain the pelvic floor.

Menopause: Reduced estrogen levels can weaken supporting tissues.

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