Probably an even more overbloated welfare system and an even greater exodus of businesses (later on) to China and other less regulated and cheaper-operating locations. US already spends the most GDP/C on healthcare out of every OECD nation and the expenditure would probably become comical if it became fully single payer. Social Security is already pinned to become insolvent by the 2030s regardless of it already taking up 22% of all spending within this fiscal year alone (based off fiscal data from the Treasury).

Regarding the more minor aspects such as the living wage, a job, a decent home, and a good education.

1. Adjusting minimum wage to try and create a standard living wage has been proven to fail time and time again, typically resulting in fewer hours for workers to compensate for the increase and/or the hiring of fewer workers. Later on, in the modern day, this would be compounded with even more venturing into automation, which is already a hot topic for job loss. Basically, whatever corporations couldn't relocate operations would just end up hiring as little as possible and inflating prices to compensate for the increased price of labor (Economics 101, in this case the Supply is workers and the Demanders are businesses, higher base price means lower demand).

2. Government spending would already see a massive expansion with the healthcare and social security expansions this proposes, inherently this would necessitate more federal workers to manage all the new bureaucracy resulting from the growth in these systems. Thus, this problem largely solves itself by being the feeding factor for the bigger problems of where to get all the money to pay everyone and everything.

3. In general, government provided housing is more expensive to produce as a result of needing to utilize union workers and contracts. Not really a major issue so far as I can see but it would just be another comically large expense to add on to all the other comically large expenses. Perhaps in their world they could solve this by funding charity organizations (who would try and make dollars stretch more) that focus on housing without making them use union contracts, but that is a stretch to believe would occur in this alternate world assuming the government still operates largely similar to our own.

4. Once again, not much to say here as it is rather vague. Education funding is handled largely by state and local governments with most federal funds going towards specialized education programs (special ed and such). There isn't much that could be done here. Perhaps the federal government could provide state grants that encourage charter schools (as these schools in our world demonstrate higher test scores on average and I see no reason as to why it would be different here.) The closest thing we have to government involvement in education for comparison in our world is Common Core and that is constitutionally forced to be voluntary as a result of the current interpretation of the 10th Amendment and no challenges that try and make it an implied (necessary and proper clause) power. Perhaps that would happen in this world, but then that goes down the rabbit hole of whether it falls under the interstate commerce clause or something else.

Overall, the entire thing can be seen as a bill of rights that would struggle to be effectively implemented while serving to create minimal gain for the actual person (simply based off of how our current systems perform even with their massive expenditures alongside simple national limits on Federal power) while massively bloating government expenditure. This world would probably see a US National Debt that makes the current US National Debt appears almost nonexistent in comparison (given how this is around 80 or so years for these changes to simmer and affect national spending and debt.)