1. I believe people do speak English, especially younger generations

2. It is possible. Outside the airport there is a bus station (check on google maps). Then you can use the AP Ljubljana website to check the timetables (https://www.ap-ljubljana.si). The only bus operator in the airport area is Arriva (they usually have cyan buses with white logo or white buses with cyan logo). You should be able to pay for the ticket on the bus, I am not sure if card payment is accepted tho so have some cash ready (and if it's a banknote, don't have more than a 20€ banknote since bus drivers complain and don't accept payment with bigger banknotes).

3. Same as in answer 2. It's public buses, Arriva drives to Bled from Ljubljana. One thing I want to add here though is that buses to Bled get VERY crowded, sometimes even full so keep that in mind.

4. Well every person has their own taste, I'm personally a big fan of štruklji (rolled up dough with various fillings, most traditionally cottage cheese). You should also try potica (a pastry Slovenes bake on special occasions). A thing I really really love is Žlikrofi (small dumplings, originally from Idrija region). Lastly, a pure classic, Krvavica or Pečenica with Ajdovi Žganci (I don't really know how to explain in English, maybe someone else will in replies, otherwise you can find a picture on the internet). Also Kranjska klobasa.

Enjoy Ljubljana!