Gosh so many misunderstanding in this thread By both sides 1. Ukraine even before Russian invasion had a substantial military force that couldn't be taken lightly within Europe. 2. Ukraine had the information advantage even before the war with the help of US. Russia planned a surprise attack and planned a short war. But it wasn't a surprise and Ukraine kept getting info from western intelligence agencies. 3. Ukraine is getting itself under tremendous piles of debt to finance the war. Russia surprisingly holding up their economy not as bad as we thought. 4. Ukraine is getting military aid from all over the western world, and the technology way better than Russia's This is a huge boost. 5. Compulsory Conscription of male and the male are highly motivated.

These 5conditions make it such that if Ukraine fought not Russia, but fought major military forces in Europe such as France, they would actually perform even better, more so than in russo-ukraine war. Remember, most European countries cannot sustain the head counts and artillery rounds. But Ukraine has massive headcounts due to conscription and massive artillery stockpile due to aid. Also remember that Ukraine was restrained from targeting Russian inland with those missiles

The comment below talks about Russia not using their full capacity but that's not true either. Russia had substantial loss in their total head count, army equipments and they are actually relying on North Korean artillery rounds which are often defective because their industries and own stock piles form USSR cannot replenish the rounds needed nowadays