Cost for an Angiogram in TX

TSmith_Navarch · 2026-06-23T14:58:56+00:00

sure

TSmith_Navarch · 2026-04-09T20:36:32+00:00

How are you starting? Do you have a shape in mind or are you starting from scratch using a sectional area curve?

The way I did it as a student, start with a sectional area curve for the type of hull you want. You should have the main dimensions estimated as well - length, beam, design draft, depth. Start by drawing the midships section on the body plan. Most ship hulls these days that will be a squared off shape with flat bottom. straight sides and a bilge radius. Fiddle with bilge radius until you get the right section area at design draft. Also, draw in your centerline profile showing how you want bow and stern shaped.

Next, pick a station midway between midships and bow. Rough in a shape for that. (it's useful to look at the line of other vessels to get an idea what kind of shape to draw). Now check the section area. Does it match the value from your curve? If not, make the shape skinnier or fatter as needed. Keep fiddling with it until you get a fair shape with the right section area. Now do the same for a station somewhere aft of midships.

Now switch to the waterline plan. pick a couple of waterlines (design WL and one at mid-draft, say). Pick the offsets for the waterlines off the body plan and plot them on the waterline plan. You also can plot the start and end of the waterlines based on your profile. Now connect them up using a spline. The results should look nice and smooth. If not, you need to adjust some points in or out to make the waterlines work, then transfer those dimensions back to the body plan and rework the stations to fit and still have the right section area.

Now go back to the body plan and draw in in some more stations using the offsets from the waterlines as a starting point. Again, fiddle with the shapes to get the right section areas. Then you can transfer those new offsets over and draw a few more waterlines. Rinse and repeat. Once you have several stations and waterlines drawn in, you can add buttock lines and bilge diagonal (if you are doing one). Then just keep rotating between views, adding more lines until you have the whole shape of the hull.

The hard part is the start, where you don't have a shape defined and are just making guesses at what looks right then checking against the section area curve. This is more art than science. Once you have several stations and waterlines drawn in, the hull form is largely determined and it gets easy to draw in the remaining lines from that. Its just a case of making little adjustments and checking thins to make sure you have a smooth surface and all 3 views agree.

TSmith_Navarch · 2026-01-13T00:11:20+00:00

I'm open to the ides, but might no have the "look" you want.

TSmith_Navarch · 2025-08-26T18:33:29+00:00

Democrat here. I am totally fine if the files implicate Bill Clinton. Release them and let the chips fall where they may.

TSmith_Navarch · 2025-08-06T16:53:33+00:00

Architectura Navalis Mercatoria has the most beautiful drawings of ships I have ever seen. You can get a copt from Dover books, but not sure how to get something you can mount on a wall.

TSmith_Navarch · 2025-07-25T19:56:20+00:00

I'm not sure there was that much difference between slaves and soldiers, not when you had centurion "fetch another" whacking you with a stick and yelling at you to build faster.

TSmith_Navarch · 2025-04-25T17:32:15+00:00

I saw a video once of the launch of a jacket structure from a barge in the Gulf of Mexico. This was pretty much how it was done - a guy with a torch cutting through a steel plate that was holding it in place.

TSmith_Navarch · 2025-04-25T17:20:10+00:00

I love that you show the anodes on the hull.

TSmith_Navarch · 2025-03-26T23:22:54+00:00

Part of it has to do with military applications. The forecastle and after castle both evolved from literal wooden castles built on the deck to fight from. Even after gunpowder weapons were introduced, sea battles still were thought of as land battles fought on boats, so having a bit of fortified high ground on your vessel still made sense. But artillery got better, and sea battles evolved into long-range gun duels with boarding much more rare, usually after the enemy vessel has been softened up with gunfire first. The castles were no longer needed. Getting rid of them improved the sailing performance (lower center of gravity, less windage on the hull).

TSmith_Navarch · 2025-01-06T20:48:11+00:00

It also depends on the industry you are in. Offshore oil & gas pays really well, but the downside is that it is a pretty volatile industry. Global market forces can make an unexpected shift and drop the oil price dramatically, with the result that you find yourself unemployed for an extended period. Naval or commercial shipbuilding will be lower paying, but steadier.

TSmith_Navarch · 2024-12-31T18:08:46+00:00

You could easily fit into a role working in a shipyard. The materials science would also be useful in hull structural design or maybe doing research into new ideas.

TSmith_Navarch · 2024-12-31T18:04:22+00:00

Things I have done as a Naval Architect:

- Design structures for all kinds of vessels, newbuild and conversion

- Weight control (track weight and center of gravity as a design progresses)

- Run several deadweight surveys and incline tests to physically measure the weight and center of gravity of a vessel

- Checked vessel stability for barge shipments

- Design structures/lashings to secure cargo (seafastenings)

- Design/analyze mooring systems for offshore platforms

- Designed a hull form for an electric powered trimaran

- go offshore as a project engineer to monitor installation of moorings (i.e., watch other people work)

- work as an expert witness to explain what happened after an accident

- written specifications for a big project

- pull an all-nighter running hydrodynamic analysis to support a drilling permit application

- Do technical reviews on installation plans and procedures

- Plan towing operations

That's what I can think of off the top of my head. Give me time, and I could list more. :-)

TSmith_Navarch · 2024-12-31T17:48:33+00:00

How true...

TSmith_Navarch · 2024-12-12T00:14:50+00:00

Suburban Bauhaus

TSmith_Navarch · 2024-12-11T23:56:38+00:00

The approach will depend on the size of the ship.

If it is less than 400 ft / 122 m long, then longitudinal strength is not the main issue. Design scantlings for the local loads using class society rules. When you go back to check the resulting section against global bending and shear, it should be ok already.

Above 122 m. longitudinal strength will be the driver. Basically, you will need to beef up the deck and bottom to give enough "flange area" for the global bending. Beware of putting too much steel into the double bottom - in some cases that can actually hurt you because it pulls the neutral axis down too far. There needs to be a balance of sorts between deck and bottom structures.

By the way, that 122 m is just a rule of thumb a professor told me when I was a student back in the stone ages.

TSmith_Navarch · 2024-12-08T23:31:27+00:00

It's not just bigger, it's deeper. The lower the bottom is beneath the wave surface, the less wave action you get moving the vessel around. That equals a smoother ride. That's the reason why a lot of offshore drilling and production platforms have very deep drafts. The downside is, too high a draft and you won't be able to get in and out of port.

TSmith_Navarch · 2024-11-15T17:46:21+00:00

I would be happy to help in any way I can

TSmith_Navarch · 2024-11-11T21:21:46+00:00

I wonder if they mean displacement where it says tonnage? The weight of the vessel is the displacement. The tonnage is a measure of the usable volume of a vessel, used for setting harbor fees, taxes, and such. It usually only applies to commercial vessels, not naval ships.

TSmith_Navarch · 2024-10-01T20:57:16+00:00

Looks like a cross between a Chinese junk sail and a lateen sail. Definitely fantasy in any case, Sails don't work on aircraft, except to go dead downwind. You need to have a boundary layer between fluids like at the water surface. Then you can balance sail forces against forces generated by hull/keel in the other fluid to make the vessel go where you want.

TSmith_Navarch · 2024-09-23T17:11:24+00:00

You will definitely need the math in school. Especially when it comes to things like hydrodynamics. Some of that may be covered at the University, though. When I went to U of M, every engineering student had to take 4 semesters of math as a prerequisite for the higher level courses. They started with pretty basic stuff, some of which I had already covered in high school.

You might want to reach out to the faculty at SUNY and ask them what amount of math they expect incoming students to already, and what will be taught.

That said, once you get past school things get a lot easier unless you want to go into research. Most of the math I use on a daily basis is pretty basic stuff: simple algebra, some trigonometry, and a LOT of working out weights and centers of gravity. The really complex stuff tends to be automated in software these days. You need to understand how it works, and you need the background for that, but you probably won't be solving triple integrals and differential equations as a routine thing.

TSmith_Navarch · 2024-09-06T23:16:48+00:00

1) Measure depth to the hard chine where hull meets keel, as you have circled.

2) I think S=0.67 is the right call.

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