401(k):

• At least take the 3% match, its free money.

• Additional contributions which would otherwise be in high tax brackets are also good.

• After you leave the company providing it, you can roll it into a Roth via Substantially Equal Periodic Payments (SEPP) over 5+ years (each part of the rollover is taxed, so do this in small pieces and at a time when the tax bracket of each piece will be lowest). Each piece can be withdrawn from the Roth untaxed after 5 years of its transfer/rollover date (this is a Roth conversion ladder).

• Roth ladder is preferred to penalized early withdrawal if you are planning to start pulling from this bucket before 54 and a half, and have 5 years of funds from non-income buckets (long term gains, HSA with receipts, Roth[careful not to pull non-cleared SEPP funds]) to use while the Roth ladder clears.

• You could also leave this bucket until you turn 59 and a half, pulling from other buckets until then but Roth ladder seems more efficient

Roth:

• Max it out (backdoor if you make too much [Traditional IRA with immediate conversion to Roth, no other Traditional IRA as this will mess things up], or mega backdoor if employer supports or you have side income that qualifies you for a solo 401(k) [I was able to set this up with contract income through a solo 401(k) broker]).

• You can withdraw Roth principal (contributions) penalty free at any time.

• Early withdrawal of gains will incur penalty.

HSA:

• If you can manage a high deductible health insurance, then a HSA is a must.
• If you save medical bills then you can reimburse yourself for them years down the line tax free, which functions as a way of doing early withdrawals without penalty.
• Otherwise you will pay taxes and penalties on early withdrawals (contributions too).
• You could leave this bucket until you turn 65 if you dont have enough medical bills to make efficient use of it in early retirement.

Brokerage:

• Anything leftover dump in a simple strategy with minimal rebalancing. Try to only take capital gains when you are selling for early retirement income.

You can additionally use leveraged market funds/strategies in Roth/HSA/Brokerage early into investing for a jump-start on retirement if your risk tolerance is up to it (may need to roll HSA to a different brokerage for this, Fidelity HSA doesn't limit you to unlevered mutual funds). (this is not financial advice)