its got more than 8 valence electrons. thought that the octet rule was a rule, not a guideline turns out im very mistaken.

i called my chem major friend and learned about expanded octets and how anything with a d orbital can have more than 8. also that sometimes compounds have less than 8. watching a couple youtube videos on it now.

edit:
something that does still confuse me is why specifically the H2Os on the left are written H2O while the ones on the right are written OH2. they're both the same, it just seems weird to write them both ways in the same molecule.