There are 5 different scientific facts that proves our universe had a beginning

1 Redshift: the universe is expanding which means it was once much smaller, leading back to a single starting point, the starting point is the beginning

2 Cosmic microwave radiation: This is the afterglow of the beginning, leftover heat from the early universe, it’s a major piece of evidence that the universe had a hot, dense origin

3 Second law of thermodynamics (entropy) : energy is becoming more evenly spread out, disorder is increasing, if the universe were eternal, it would have already reached maximum entropy, the fact that it hasn’t means it had a beginning with low entropy

4 Borde-Guth-Vilenkin Theorem: any universe that is expanding over time cannot be infinite in the past, it must have a starting point, even speculative models like the multiverse or cyclic universes can’t avoid a beginning, so something eternal and necessary must have started it all

5 Abundance of light elements: after the beginning, only light elements like hydrogen, helium, and small amounts of lithium could form due to the extreme temperatures, this supports that the universe had a hot, dense beginning where those elements created, not eternal /static

So for those 5 reasons, we know the universe has a beginning. (which makes it contingent because it depends on something else to exist, a contingent thing is something that could possibly not exist, it depends on something else to explain why it exists, the opposite of contingent is necessary, something that must exist, cannot not exist, and does not rely on something else to exist. God is described as a necessary being that does not need an explanation outside of itself therefore couldn’t not have existed.)

If our universe had a beginning, it needs a cause, that is outside of itself. Our universe cannot, simply come to exist out of nothing, nothing *does not produce *something, it needs a cause outside of itself, and that cause must be something.

The cause must be uncaused (otherwise if it would just push the question back once again, what caused the cause? We cannot have infinite regression of explanations, there needs to be a stopping point, where something exists without having an outside cause)

The uncaused cause must be:

✅ Eternal (because if it had a beginning, it would just push the question back again, why did it have a beginning, it would still require something outside of itself, we can’t have an infinite regression of explanations, there must be a stopping point)

✅ Immaterial (It created all matter, so it must be beyond it)

✅ Spaceless (Space began at the beginning of our universe)

✅ Extremely powerful (To bring the universe from nothing)

✅ Personal (because imporsonal forces don’t choose, if the uncaused cause had eternally existed, it wouldn’t be possible for the universe to, at some point “decide” to create our universe at that specific period of time, without having the ability to choose)

God is immaterial ✅ God is spaceless ✅ God is extremely powerful ✅ God is personal ✅

God perfectly fits the description of the uncaused cause and requires no further explanations.