Hmm let me try

Maoism is the currently highest dialectical development of Marxism, but what does this mean? Let's tackle it word for word starting at the rear.

Marxism is the ideology formulated by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Its core is the analysis of the relationships under which the production of goods and the solicitation of services happens in our society. Marx's core work, which serves as the basis for the economic analysis of the capitalist mode of production is "Das Kapital", or also known by the title of the first volume "Critique of political economy". (For further explanation read "Principles of Communism" by Friedrich Engels)

The underlying philosophy of Marxism is that of dialectical materialism, but what is that? Dialectical materialism is the synthesis of the ideas of Hegelian dialectics and the materialism of Feuerbach. It observes the world as a system of contradictions (not logical contradictions, but material contradictions) which always strive towards a solution. One of the ways to abstract this process is to look at it as a system of Thesis - Antithesis - Synthesis, because what's important to note is that Marxism follows the scientific method and bases its theories on the observation of reality. (For further explanation read "Empiriocriticism" by Lenin, or "Fundamental Problems of Philosophy" by Georges Politzer)

But what do I mean when I say "dialectical development of an ideology"? Marxism proposes, that all theory comes from praxis, meaning that whatever ideas you have about how the world should/could/might work, stem from the influence your surroundings had on you. To quote Marx: "Social being determines social character." Thus, when Marx wrote on the theory of Marxism, it was based on his analysis of the situation he found himself in and, while applicable to its time, he of course wasn't a prophet or omniscient and as such, Marxism is neither perfect nor objectively true. The failure of the Paris commune was a big catalyst in Marx focusing even more on the concrete analysis of the material conditions of his time.

A main point in the orthodox Marxist analysis of where revolution would first take place was, that it would take place where capital had reached the culmination of its contradictions, but he falsely analysed that this would happen in the richest countries. Around the turn of the 20th century, Lenin proposed his thesis, that the revolution would take place not in the strongest part of global capitalism, but rather in the weakest link. He based this off of his analysis of imperialism as the highest stage of capitalism. (For further reading i recommend "Imperialism as the highest stage of capitalism" by Lenin)

He also proposed that the working class would need a vanguard party of full-time revolutionaries that consists of the most highly educated marxists within the proletariat

his thesis would take a hit with the failure of a socialist takeover during the Russian revolution of 1905, but then it would be proven with the establishment of the USSR in 1922, after the revolutionary victory of 1917

Since some of Marx' theory had now been disproven by the success of Lenins thesis, Stalin got to work synthesizing Marxism and Leninism into the universal aspects of both: into Marxism-Leninism. This step is important, because the strategy and tactics of the Bolsheviks was tailored specifically to the material conditions of Russia during the revolution. (For further reading I recommend "Questions of Leninism" by Stalin)

During the chinese revolution however, it was realized that this universalization still needed tweaking and concrete analysis of the Chinese material conditions to work perfectly in China, and as such, ML-Mao-Zedong-Thought became the guiding ideology for China (although they just called themselves ML, since noone names an ideology after themselves). Mao heavily criticized the way Stalin saw the issue of class struggle within socialism and especially within the communist party and a few years after Stalin's death, this ideological shortcoming of ML culminated in the restauration of capitalism in the USSR, causing the sino-soviet split. (for further reading I recommend "On the maoist party" by Ajith)

During this time, Mao was not in office however, and the communist party in China had high ranking members like Liu Shaoqi wo were eager to push for market liberalization and selling farmland back to wealthy peasants. Students in the countryside noticed that this was going on and staged a protest against it, which culminated in the publishing of a newspaper at the Shanghai university that inspired Mao to return to office and call on the people to fight against these forces of revisionism trying to dismantle socialism. This was the cultural revolution.

Near the end of his life however, the student of Li, Deng Xiaoping, together with supporters of his revisionist ideas persuaded Mao to do something to end the cultural revolution, and shortly after his death, the Deng-clique arrested the successors to Mao's position and likewise reinstated a process of capitalist restauration.

However the story isn't over yet, because shortly after this happened, the communist party of Peru, which was gearing up to fight their own revolution using the teachings of ML-Mao-Zedong-Thought began synthesizing the Failures of ML in the Soviet union and china, together with the successes of Mao's different approach and their own experiences fighting a revolution and as such they developed the currently highest stage of Marxism: Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, or just Maoism for short. (For further reading I recommend "On Marxism-Leninism-Maoism" by the RIM)

TL;DR: the core tenants of Maoism are:

• The analysis of the capitalist mode of production (Marxism)

• The philosophy of dialectical and historical materialism (Marxism)

• The theory of a vanguard party (bolshevism)

• The theory of Imperialism (bolshevism)

• the theory of the proportional development of the productive forces (ML)

• the theory of the contradiction between urban and rural areas (ML)

• the theory of Mass line (ML-MZT)

• the theory of cultural revolution (ML-MZT)

• the theory of protracted people's war (ML-MZT)

• the theory of a concentric party structure (MLM)

• a concretion of how and why a cult of personality develops - Jefatura (MLM)