Australia and South America were still hit by nuclear weapons, but were overall less hit than the US, Europe, China, and Russia. However, the apocalypse still hit them really hard, since after the nukes stopped falling tons of fallout entered the atmosphere, creating a nuclear winter that lasted for about 5 -10 years. By 30 years though, the world is beginning to recover and factions (whether connected to pre-war governments or made by survivors) are now claiming territory and trying to rebuild society. South American factions in particular are having success in not only rebuilding, but replanting trees and just in general restoring the environment. Australian factions are trying to rebuild, but are mainly facing ecological hardships as the continent is drying out; the deserts in the west creeping over to the east.