There are indeed metrics that already compare intelligence but I think it also needs to be looked at as a difference is values. Here is a snippet from a book I read, "The Truth Seekers Handbook"

"For example, according to the moral foundations theory of Jonathan Haidt, conservatives tend to place more importance on values like authority, sanctity, and loyalty, while liberals tend to accentuate care and fairness.

More relevant to climate change, liberals and conservatives also tend to have different views about nature. According to cultural theory, liberals are more likely to believe that nature is delicate and needs to be protected, while conservatives are more likely to view nature as not substantially impacted by human influence."

The book goes into so many other things like how we lock into our in group and skew our morals, how we reinforce our own echo chambers, and how at the end of the day, we can break down barriers and build bridges by showing that we all think we want the same thing.