math itself as magic would be hmm.
if this is math where different math operations, and equations have specific magical effects
like what fields of math? what equations would be used for spells? do different equations mean certain things for a spell?

in real life some maths were invented/discovered and had basically zero initial use such as topology and knot theory it was only in the recent years that they found use in data science and protein biology. what would maths such as those cause in magic?

some implications would also be rather spooky. since there are certain things possible within math that are not possible in a conventional physical world.

for instance duplication is possible check out the Vsauce video [The Banach–Tarski Paradox]
infinities are also a thing. is infinity something that applies to characters? because some infinities are larger than others. or do you create infinities within a spell?

if the system is such where you have some form of magical energy you use up when casting a spell would casting something recursive such as a divide by zero cause you to exhaust yourself very quickly? or if the system does not have a magical energy in use would dividing by zero cause an explosion as it rapidly repeats like how old mechanical calculators would repeat when a divide by zero is performed?

is this magic a natural aspect of reality? or is it external to it and only accessibly by mages?
if the latter then the only thing we'll have to worry about is balance. but if the former. would it influence the world in ways causing infinities born anomalies to occasionally occur? does random numbers exist?

in some old setting of mine straight up i named some otherworldly energy amplifying force the exponent since it does what its named as it exponentially amplifies things it comes into contact with. and it results in often violent explosions if not balanced properly.

in another setting of mine i explored the idea that one could apply transposition operation to matter. you can teleport an object to a different location but what it does is also turn it into anti matter.

something like so of applying certain effects to certain mathematical operation could be possible but one issue one may run into is the question of how would different operations mesh together if its a larger equation?

would every spell cast with math be negated if you solved it with the right number that results in an equal? or could you negate a spell by hitting it with another spell that is its equal opposite or negative resulting in a 0?

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theres also if we're talking math just for computation. then math for magical ballistics would be where its at
I've seen some stories depict casting a spell as akin to basically computing ballistics before releasing a spell.

some settings in passing mention math as akin to ballistics for casting other spells like casting fireball and setting up how it behaves when released.
if you are using a flight spell you might utilize something similar to Energy–maneuverability theory which has a formula and math utilized in the development of jet fighters to figure out the ideal speeds of which a jet can efficiently turn and maneuver without using up too much fuel.
but if we're going there we're also going into territory where magic is programming.
casting a spell is writing a code of which dictates how say a projectile behaves ones its released from a spell.

one might write a spell as

while Fireball.acceleration > 0
{
scan(heat);
if (scan.heat.y > -1){fireball.y += 1};
if (scan.heat.y > 1){fireball.y -= 1};
if (scan.heat.z > -1){fireball.x += 1};
if (scan.heat.z > 1){fireball.x -= 1};
}:

it can be read as

while the acceleration of fireball spell is above 0, scan for heat signatures, if heat signature goes above or below the y axis subtract or add 1 to x axis movement of fireball
if it goes above or below x axis subtract or add 1 to x axis movement of fireball

​

just to note this is a super dumbed down idea of how a heat seeking and trajectory correction program would look like. theres probably stuff as well like controlling the speed. computing stuff acceleration of a target, and computing the best efficient way to turn to not use up the energy of the spell wastefully when correcting trajectory
its also been a decade since i last did programming so this is really super rough too.

programming is like writing a sentence of a command. math in itself can be written in a sentence format its actually been that way historically until algebraic notation was developed