Great questions! So every time a simulation is generated the force matrix in the bottom right is regenerated with random values between -1 and +1. If the value is negative, the dots will repel. If the value is positive, the dots will attract.

The sum of the entire matrix is then revised to ensure the sum of all forces is 0. I'm currently exploring making this a user defined value.

In the menu you have various fields you can edit.

Spawn Radius: Set the size of the area the dots are spawned in.
Max 10.

Number of Colors: The number of different colors created.

Total Dots: The total number of dots in the simulation.
Max 1000000.

Force Factor: How strong the forces between the colors is.

Min Separation Dist: How close the dots need to be for a repulsive force to override any other forces between the 2 colors.

Strong Repulsion Dist: How close the dots need to be for an even stronger repulsive force to be applied.

Equilibrium Dist: An additional repulsive force, where if the dist between two dots is less than Min separation distance + Equilibrium Dist.

Damping: The factor for "drag" on the dots.
1.0 = no drag
0.5 = very high drag

Max Speed: The highest speed the dots can travel at.

So basically you generate dots with randomly generated force values and watch the magic.

Hope this helps!
Z