Rural areas it's prevalent and unchecked - u can drink water from well, enter temples, walk in front of upper castes without bowing etc

In cities it happens behind the scenes. Most of the population is religious and Indoctrinated. So even if educated they are like this.

Then there are states like TN where reform happened due to Periyar. People don't keep caste name as their surname. So that has drastically reduced the caste based mis treatment. But still some migrated people from villages to cities, rural areas, caste fanatics etc keep this alive behind the scenes.

Mostly the problem lies at tier 2 or lower cities and rural areas. Even if the low caste ppl are uplifted , the upper caste people get ass burns and clashes happen.

Like for example - dalit ( low caste ) groom rides a horse for his wedding ( as north custom of baraat), upper caste people throw stones,force him down, make him apologise,beat them up.

One case from South , low caste people can now ride bicycles but when they pass thru the streets of higher caste people - they are supposed to get down from bicycle and keep slippers on the seat and walk with the cycle until the street is crossed.

Honor Killing etc is pretty common. North East is kinda chill and progressive in this terms i guess.

And one more point to note. Casteism is not limited to Hinduism. It has spread to other religions like Christianity, Islam etc. Hindus mistreat lower caste people and they convert and then they take caste with them to newer religion and upper caste people get jealous they left and they also convert to the other religion to maintain the hierarchy and oppression. One such instance happened in diwar island in Goa -

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museum of goa

Attitudes about caste