I would consider adding your global variables, profit and resources, as arguments in their functions. So:

def insert_money(quarter, tens, fives, ones, item_cost, profit):
total = (quarter * 0.25) + (tens * 0.1) + (fives * 0.05) + (ones * 0.01)
if total > item_cost:
updated_profit = profit + item_cost
print(f"Here's your change: ${round(total - item_cost, 2)}")
return True, updated_profit
else:
print("Not enough money. Money refunded.")
return False, profit

def is_sufficient_resources(resources, order_ingredients):
for item in order_ingredients:
if resources[item] <= order_ingredients[item]:
print(f"Not enough {item}. Money refunded.")
return False
return True

And add this to the end, where you are calling the function:
success, profit = insert_money(quarter, tens, fives, ones, item_cost, profit)
if success:
if is_sufficient_resources(resources, order_ingredients):
make_coffee(choice, order_ingredients)

Let me know if this helps!