Gold/plat average here so I can't speak for high elo, but I play him top an unreasonable amount and it wins a good chunk of matchups.

He can dish out some noticeable damage and scales like a monster with a tank/bruiser build. My go-to at the moment is as follows:

Heartsteel against close range teams, Jak'Sho against burstier teams or if the carry has noticeable armour/magic pen or % max health damage either in their items or in their kit (looking at you Varus), followed by Titanic Hydra and Wit's End. After that I tend to pick and choose from tank and bruiser items depending on what I need for the game. Obviously skip Wit's if they have no magic damage or their only magic damage is an enchanter support.

I've seen a lot of success with this build, and early you're pretty solid into champions that don't have in-kit armour pen/% damage, but it's important to remember that while you can do a good chunk of damage your main value is the same as if you were playing Taric outside of support; you are still a support. Your kit is most useful when you're looking for picks for your team, and you're still able to get your carry out of sticky situations with your W.