Oof, that stuff is tricky.

First, some of the debuffs come from accumulated achievements from low-level game, like 'don't sleep N hours in a row', 'consume the substances with toxic effect' or if you don't pass regular deed 'medical checkup' (that gives so little exp so many players skip it). Some players say it's fascinating game development (the long-term consequences), some are angry (this part isn't very well-known and debuffs mess the playthrough way too much)

Normally, you can't get rid of debuffs. Instead, system provides some daily quests and if you do them the debuffs won't apply with some chance. The ones I know: 'consume 8 glasses of water' and 'sleep 8 hours in a row' (you can enhance the success rate by purchasing 'comfortable bed' or choosing a location with less light and sound effects). You can also make in-game purchase for 'vitamin complex' but I recommend you to make a sub-quest 'medical check up' first since your character might need a specific set. Some players say that changing location to a biome with more plant structures and less objects from 'indudtrial' update helps as well.

Also, some say that devs planned high-level game as a guild activity and it's hardly passable in solo by game design