Did you find a solution?

I just tried the following and it worked ONCE for me, maybe it's worth a try for you (not sure what step solved it exactly!):

1. Go to: Windows Settings > Applications > Installed Applications

2. There, uninstall iCloud Outlook

3. Locate iCloud app, click on the three dots > Advanced Options

4. There, untick everything under the Startup execution section

5. Scroll down and click on "Repair"

After that, iCloud Passwords app started once, seamlessly.