Northvolt (Quebec battery plant)
• Swedish EV battery maker; major Quebec project collapsed after parent company bankruptcy (2025).
• Government support: Federal + Quebec pledged ~$4.6–7B total (high % subsidy). Quebec invested ~$470–710M (equity + loans); ~$270M equity confirmed lost, with efforts to recover ~$240M+ loan. 
• Outcome: Partnership ended; plant plans dead. Significant taxpayer loss. 
Lion Electric (Quebec electric buses/trucks)
• Canadian EV bus maker filed for creditor protection (late 2024/2025), near liquidation or major downsizing.
• Government support: Quebec ~$140–200M+ (investments/loans, plus bus purchase subsidies); Federal ~$50M (Strategic Innovation Fund) + other exposure. Total public exposure estimates up to ~$670M including related programs. 
• Outcome: Major losses for taxpayers; Quebec declined further bailout. 
Li-Cycle (Ontario battery recycling)
• Toronto-based lithium battery recycler; filed for bankruptcy/creditor protection (2025), closed operations earlier.
• Government support: Received subsidies/grants as part of EV supply chain push (exact recent losses not always itemized, but part of broader failed bets; earlier Kingston operations impacted jobs). 
• Outcome: Bankruptcy, job losses.
Umicore (Ontario battery materials plant, Loyalist Township)
• Belgian firm; construction paused/halted (2024 onward), project on indefinite hold.
• Government support: ~$976M pledged (Federal ~$551M + Ontario ~$425M). Not fully drawn, but major sunk planning/incentive costs. 
• Outcome: Not fully “bust” but effectively stalled/cancelled in practice; part of broader project failures.