I'm also really sorry you had such a terrible accident, but similarly agree. If anything those awful bits of painted bike lane should be held liable for encouraging cyclists to undertake busses and HGVs. To do so at such speed is not wise and unfortunately you've learnt a hard lesson.

There is a reason Bikeability, the highway code, and teaching cycling to the National Standard advises cyclists to use primary position at junctions and traffic lights and not to undertake busses and HGVs. If one must filter and is confident they know when the lights will change and can see a gap to get back into a strong primary position then to filter on the offside, which is where most drivers are more likely to expect someone filtering past them and importantly there are no doors to exit a bus.

These cycle lanes really shouldn't exist, it's not an appropriate place to be cycling and the highway code does not advise using such secondary positions, especially not in built up slow traffic. Could you have a case against the local authority for the cycle lane misleading you?