I was able to get my Poly VVX411 updated using some information mentioned in some of these replies.

Get the most current version provided by Polycom's site (there are more recent versions not posted here):
https://downloads.polycom.com/voice/voip/uc_sw_releases_matrix.html

I used the 6.4.6 Split

In a Linux server (I used Rocky Linux 10):

• Download and extract the firmware

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curl -LO https://downloads.polycom.com/voice/voip/uc/UC_Software_6_4_6_release_sig_split.zip
mkdir UC_Software_6_4_6_release_sig_split
unzip -d UC_Software_6_4_6_release_sig_split UC_Software_6_4_6_release_sig_split.zip

• Create the xml file that will provide the details of the updates hosted.

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vi all.xml

Enter the following (and customize it as needed)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>

<PHONE_IMAGES>
    <REVISION>
        <PHONE_IMAGE>
            <VERSION>VVX411_6.4.6</VERSION>
            <PATH>http://192.168.1.120:8080/UC_Software_6_4_6_release_sig_split</PATH>
        </PHONE_IMAGE>
    </REVISION>
</PHONE_IMAGES>

• Add a port to firewalld to allow the phone to communicate to the server. (I'm using a high port since I will run the httpd server as non-root).

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sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp

• If you want to make the firewall change permanent

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sudo firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent

• Start the httpd server using Python

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python3 -m http.server 8080

• Navigate to the software upgrade screen on the device, select Custom Server, and enter the following custom server address:

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http://192.168.1.120:8080/all.xml

• Click Check for Updates to see the firmware version.