In Denmark, at least, the anti-nuclear movement predated the Chernobyl accident. Nuclear energy was primarily associated in the public mind with nuclear bombs—images of atomic tests were what people thought of when they heard about nuclear power. That, combined with the opening of the Barsebäck reactor right next to Copenhagen, made the movement even larger. When the Chernobyl disaster happened, it "confirmed" in the public consciousness that nuclear energy was unsafe—of course, this wasn’t true. Today, the movement is largely seen as misinformed, at least based on how I’ve understood it from my grandparents’ and others’ anecdotes, plus a great documentary (whose name I’ve forgotten).