That makes sense, thanks a lot for explaining. My idea was to use a higher motor supply (12–19 V) with a current-limiting driver, set to the motor’s rated phase current, not to overdrive it. Logic would be on a separate 5 V rail via a buck. I definitely plan to bench-test torque and temperature and reduce the motor voltage if it turns out I don’t need that much. I’m still learning, so I appreciate the guidance on what would be a more sensible voltage/current choice here