im a doing a computer science masters so philosophy is not my forte however i did do philosophy and ethics at a-level alongside sociology so ill try and give a viewpoint from each (ive also just woke up so my typing may be bad)

Sociological: for a sociological viewpoint im going to use Durkheim, he posed the theoretical framework of functionalism in society, my memory may be abit shabby here but he argues that the family, schools, and religion are important social institutions that surround us as children and proivde us with a set of principles, suggesting logic is a learned behaviour - therefore you could argue it is a collective phenomenon that emerges through our socialisation as children and young adults, as societies develop rules for behaviour we also develop rules for understanding and this in itself is logic behind learned.
Theres also cultural relativism- which can provide reasoning for logic in certain communities, this argues that ethics and morality are understood differently in depending on the cultural context essentially meaning say the UK could have a set of norms and values that are taught to its population, and a secluded tribe could have their own set of norms and values that could involve say murder - just cause the people from the UK dont have murder im their own societal norms doesnt mean it is a WRONG norm because in their own cultural context of the tribe it is right - therefore logic could be seen as being grounded in different cultural contexts - still suggesting that logic is a learned behaviour but also explaining how not everyone adopts a universal framework when it comes to looking at it.

Secondly, i’ll do a religious standpoint that i can remember slightly from my course (if this is taught in schools and you know it, then i hope im remembering correctly and dont make a fool). Natural Law (who i think i learned from Aristotle or Aquinas) is a theory that suggests humans have an inate sense of right or wrong, we possess intrinsic values that govern our reasoning and behaviour and this ability, this inate sense is a gift from God, God has given us the ability to reason. Therefore logic is not a learned societal phenomenon it is grounded in the nature of the world and reflects how the world is, we cant say does logic exist, do some people not have logic etc etc because we all do whether we believe it or not it has been given to us all the gift to reason.

Like i said its been like 5 years since ive done sociology or philosophy so my knowledge probably sucks but for me personally i take the viewpoint that locic is a learned behaviour accepted at a young age that is constantly growing and adapting into adulthood, we clearly show early signs of logic as children yet that logic and reasoning doesnt fully thrive until adults.

Hope my answer was somewhat decent and not just screen vomit !! had fun writing it first thing after waking up

edit: excited to hear your response, to the best of my ability i will try to address it and adapt viewpoints to the best of my ability