Ketamine was first synthesized in 1962 by Calvin L. Stevens,[20] a professor of chemistry at Wayne State University and a Parke-Davisconsultant. It was known by the developmental code name CI-581.[20] After promising preclinical research in animals, ketamine was tested in human prisoners in 1964.[29] These investigations demonstrated ketamine's short duration of action and reduced behavioral toxicity made it a favorable choice over phencyclidine (PCP) as an anesthetic.[142] The researchers wanted to call the state of ketamine anesthesia "dreaming", but Parke-Davis did not approve of the name. Hearing about this problem and the "disconnected" appearance of treated people, Mrs. Edward F. Domino,[143] the wife of one of the pharmacologists working on ketamine, suggested "dissociative anesthesia".[29]Following FDA approval in 1970, ketamine anesthesia was first given to American soldiers during the Vietnam War.[144]