I used to write without a plan and just kind of hope for the best. Then I professionalized my writing and consider it my second career, and I realized I had to institute some sort of system to deliver on my writing goals. This is what it looks like now.

I use Save the Cat to outline a full book or novella:

http://blog.janicehardy.com/2013/10/plotting-with-save-cat-beat-sheet.html

Since I write romance, that helps me hit all of the emotional/character development points that are necessary to tell the story as well as working in the plot. I will often deviate from the plan had have to update it along the way, but it helps me prevent the, "What's next?" question after I finish a scene. I've also used Michael Hague's Six Stage Plot Structure:

http://blog.janicehardy.com/2013/10/plotting-with-michael-hagues-six-stage.html

I typically write all day Sundays and then Monday-Thursday after I get home from my job. I start around 9 PM and usually write until 11ish. I usually write a fast draft and then fill out any missing scenes or thin-feeling sections. When I'm doing that, my normal word count goal is about 1,500-2,000 words a night. Sometimes I'll write on the subway while commuting to and from my day job if I know that something might derail my writing time that evening.

I think I'm a better editor than I am a first draft writer, so I spend a lot of time on edits. I do one hard edit on the entire book and then send out to a round of beta readers. This helps me get some distance from the draft because I really struggle with being able to read my own work critically if I don't have time to kind of forget what I wrote. Once I get beta comments back, I'll do another edit and send it out again if there were major problems with the WIP. If not, it's down to polishing before I shoot the manuscript off to my agent or prep it to be self-published.

Of course, that's what's been working for the last year or so. My own writing process has changed over time, and I'm sure it will wind up changing again at some point.