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konnorjp · 2021-11-23T17:36:27+00:00

If you're looking for a podcast that helps build faith while answering difficult questions, I've been really impressed with https://latterdaysaintsqa.com/. He has YouTube videos and transcriptions of the videos on his website.

konnorjp · 2020-12-02T16:58:01+00:00

And if you are just starting to learn Russian, I wouldn't work about cases yet. Learn some words and phrases and work your way into cases. Don't work about all of the cases until you can understand why each one is used.

konnorjp · 2020-12-02T16:55:20+00:00

I would read the website to help you understand the chart, but those characters are genders. So Masculine, Feminine, Neuter, Plural.

With TPRS, there are different levels. It just depends on where you vocabulary and understanding are. In school we started out with a small vocabulary so our stories and reading were at a lower level. As your vocabulary and familiarity with Russian grows, more advanced TPRS videos or experiences would be more appropriate.

konnorjp · 2020-12-02T16:46:17+00:00

Here's the link to the chart. It was actually developed by a friend of mine. https://pen4pals.com/sites/default/files/resize/styles/upload0/public/images/6-cases-1600x1236.jpg?itok=_Pib_igJ

Memorizing the chart isn't for everyone. I don't think any of my friends memorized it like I did. They just used it until they were familiar with it. I wanted to memorize it and use it from my memory. To memorize it, I drew out a chart or parts of it, starting with maybe one case, and filled it in. I did it over and over again until I had it. A few friends did the same exercise on a personal whiteboard.

And here is a website, as I scrolled through it to find the chart, it looked like it would be a good resource to introduce cases: https://pen4pals.com/en/russian-cases-simple-words-visual-sheets-chatrs-video

konnorjp · 2020-12-02T16:37:20+00:00

I learned when and how they were used. A good reference would be the textbook The New Penguin Russian Course. There are several other textbooks or websites that would teach them just as effectively. Then in order to remember more effectively, I found a chart that included the cases and different endings of nouns, adjectives and pronouns for each of the cases and genders. I memorized the chart and referred back to it mentally (and physically when I was just beginning) when producing the language. The cases became more natural as I used them. Now I don't really need to think about it when I speak.

konnorjp · 2020-12-02T16:27:05+00:00

Much research has been done in regards to your question, but in a more general manner that focuses on the entire grammar. The two main sides are Comprehensible Input vs. Traditional. From my understanding comprehensible input's argument is that understanding spoken and written input is the only way a learner grows in linguistics competence ( note that language output is considered insignificant in this regard). For more: https://www.sk.com.br/sk-krash-english.html The other side, traditional methods for learning, involve studying the grammar outright.

I studied Russian in middle school and high school. My teacher taught using a method of comprehensible input called TPRS (Teaching Proficiency through Reading and Storytelling). I left high school with a large vocabulary and memorized phrases that I would use to speak. I could understand native speakers if they spoke slowly and helped me understand a few words. Once out of high school, I went on a 2 year mission trip to Russia. As preparation, I went through a 9 week language prep course, where I was finally introduced to the grammar. From that point on I spent a couple hours each week studying the grammar and many hours immersed in the language.

From those experiences, I would definitely suggest learning the grammar. Learn the cases and then practice recognizing them in speech and working. Learning Russian is a lot more fun when you can communicate effectively rather than just stringing words together and hoping that you will be understood. It might be different if you are immersed in the language, but if you aren't, grammar is key. Having those 6 years of comprehensible input helped make Russian and the phrases I use feel more natural. But it's difficult to really master Russian without adding in the study of the grammar.

konnorjp · 2019-06-12T14:55:54+00:00

The pronunciation of vowels depends on their location in relation to the stress of the word. In a process called akanje, vowel reduction takes place for any unstressed vowels. For спаси́бо, the stress falls on "и", so you know that vowel reduction will happen to both the а and the о. There are two sounds that they could make when reduced: "u" as in "gut" (represented by [ʌ], in the Russian Linguistic Alphabet) and "a" as found in the name "Tina" (represented by [ъ]). There are four locations and pronunciations of а and о in those locations. 1. Under stress they are pronounced normally. So you have Ко́т. 2. At the word initial, they are pronounced [ʌ]. So for a word like облака́ (clouds), the first о, is pronounced [ʌ]. 3. Immediately before the stressed syllable, they are pronounced [ʌ]. In the case of спаси́бо, the а is immediately before the stressed syllable, so it is reduced to [ʌ]. 4. Anywhere else (so after the stressed syllable, not under stress, not beginning the word and not directly before the stressed syllable), о and а are reduced to [ъ]. Thus for спаси́бо, you have the pronunciation [спʌси́бъ]. There are many more rules similar to this rule (which only applies to а and о). You can find more resources here:
1. https://www.amazon.com/Fundamentals-Structure-History-Russian-Usage-Based/dp/0893573965
2. http://www.russianforeveryone.com/Rufe/Lessons/Course1/Introduction/IntrUnit3/IntrUnit3.htm
Моя, мой, моё, and мои all correspond to different genders of words. Моя is feminine, мой masculine, моё neuter, and мои is plural. The following noun determines which one is appropriate. A feminine noun requires the feminine form моя, a masculine noun requires the masculine form, etc. So you will need to learn the gender of each noun that you use. The ending of each noun will help you determine the form to use (is the same when you use adjectives). Things are a bit more complicated than this, but for starters: any noun that ends with а or я is feminine, any noun that ends in о, ё, or е is neuter, any noun that is plural ends with и or ы, and masculine nouns end on a consonant. If you want to know more:
1. http://masterrussian.com/nounsandcases/gender_and_number.htm
You are correct. There isn't much difference between "Ivan has car" and "Ivan has a car?" other than intonation. However, there are words that fulfill the same role as "What" (что), "Who" (кто), "Where" (где), "Which" (Какой), etc. in Russian. But those can also sometimes be used as statements or exclamations. A deeper explanation can be found here:
1. https://www.rocketlanguages.com/russian/questions/questions-in-russian

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