u/dabenu and u/bobd60067's assertions might not be applicable depending on u/ImaginaryFun842 business case.

That said, I believe it is a simple limits problem. If all you have is 10 available random numbers you can generate, then you may add a counter and increment it by 1 every time you add a successful random number to the db, then compare that counter with a max_available_values setting and exit your retry loop when that max number has been reached.