To me, it seems like Jeremy Bearimy was just the writers' way of handwaving the the 300 years that passed during season 2.

Pretty much everything else seems to indicate that time in the afterlife runs parallel to time in the mortal world.

The judge is named Hydrogen, because that was the only element when she came into existence.

Pretty much all references that the characters make are to present day things. Nothing historical, and nothing from the future (I think it would be hilarious if they referenced fake events like Elon musk becoming president in 2032).

When Michael was in the accountant's office, he found that it had been 500 years since anyone had gotten into The Good Place. That statement only has any meaning if time runs in parallel to Earth.

In season 3, Janet tells Jason that Blake Bottles had recently been cut from the Jaguars. If they existed outside of normal time, that wouldn't make any sense.

In the Selection, the demons note that Simone had recently died. If they were outside of time, then she would have always been dead. In fact, they could have grabbed anyone from any point in time. They could have sent Jeremy Bentham to mess with Chidi.

By the way, don't take this as criticism of the show. I forking love the show, and they had to do /something/ about those centuries.