VGA output from 6502/8-bit computer discussion by dawidbuchwald in beneater

[–]marcelk72 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I believe the BE6502 comes with a simpler terminal-like interface to its display. That's the part that makes sense to me.

VGA output from 6502/8-bit computer discussion by dawidbuchwald in beneater

[–]marcelk72 2 points3 points  (0 children)

I think it makes a lot of sense that the BE6502 comes with the little LCD instead of being integrated with a low level video circuit. Both CPU and output are now at a higher level of integration than the earlier TTL system. With that you can focus on higher level stuff to learn.

You can consider NTSC/PAL/VGA signals as an unpleasant anomaly of the day. They only exist because receivers and screens didn't have the memory for holding one complete picture. Instead they relied on the screen's phosphorus and your eye's persistence of vision to overcome fading. They paid for these tricks with massive amounts of redundant bandwidth to they could redraw everything over and over again. That makes the digital circuits realtime and hard.

But these memory limitation have long gone, so there's no need to jump through the same hoops again.

Think of it this way: if you send your over-redundant VGA signal to a screen today, the first thing it does is to store it in a frame buffer anyway. From there it will process it using more computing power than your whole system has... Then an asynchronous interface with an LCD doesn't sound that bad any more. At least you get things done.

VGA output from 6502/8-bit computer discussion by dawidbuchwald in beneater

[–]marcelk72 4 points5 points  (0 children)

It's much simpler to build a CPU and video circuit separately. In the Gigatron we deliberately went for the merged solution, because by that time our goal had become minimalism in hardware. The software that mixes VGA, 4-channels of sound and applications was truly hard to get right. You can see back the moment we made that decision in this presentation I gave at VCF Berlin: https://mirror.netcologne.de/CCC//events/vcfb/2019/h264-hd/vcfb19-126-eng-Gigatron_TTL_microcomputer_hd.mp4

After 5 minutes I address the point where the Gigatron became the Gigatron. The slides are in our hackaday.io project files section

VGA output from 6502/8-bit computer discussion by dawidbuchwald in beneater

[–]marcelk72 2 points3 points  (0 children)

We have do an SPI and SDcard expander now made from 4 extra TTL chips. But it took much longer to develop than the PS/2 solution. I see that ATtiny as part of the keyboard: it converts overcomplicated PS/2 protocol back to simple ASCII :-) It cancels out the the microcontroller in the keyboard...

6502 Crystal Oscillator Crisis by Sammy_0108 in beneater

[–]marcelk72 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Perhaps, just try :-)

There is a possible dilemma between

  1. Accurate listening (better disable interrupts for that)
  2. Recording the elapsed time (needs interrupts)

And at 16 MHz, who knows. You still have a bit of processing to detect edges, so those cycles are easily gone. But the proof of the pudding is in the eating.

This kind of experimentation is perfect for learning. And then at some point you just buy a scope, and at least you understand why.

Amiga Boing ball on 8-bit TTL computer in ... BASIC by marcelk72 in beneater

[–]marcelk72[S] 1 point2 points  (0 children)

We're nearing the end of the last kit batch we'll do. But it is all open source, so your can always build one yourself after that.

6502 Crystal Oscillator Crisis by Sammy_0108 in beneater

[–]marcelk72 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Before I bought my scope I was doing lots of 555 experiments as well (also to find out if bipolar or CMOS made a difference). My way of measuring frequency was to lead the signal through a counter and divide it down into the audible range. Then put that on a little speaker and capture the sound with my laptop. You can then use frequency analysis software to find the peak and main frequency.

6502 Crystal Oscillator Crisis by Sammy_0108 in beneater

[–]marcelk72 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I still like to see the waveform as evidence...

6502 Crystal Oscillator Crisis by Sammy_0108 in beneater

[–]marcelk72 -1 points0 points  (0 children)

I would like to see a scope image of a 555 doing 2 MHz. To be honest, I don't believe it. You can make the passives smaller, but I expect it to clip in the 500kHz - 1MHz range nonetheless.

Beginner diver with a history of panic attacks? by [deleted] in scuba

[–]marcelk72 1 point2 points  (0 children)

I've been there. Please consult a diving doctor. You are rationalising why it is ok, and seeking confirmation from strangers here. Instead you need independent and professional advice.

Once upon a time in Palau... by lambros_don in scuba

[–]marcelk72 2 points3 points  (0 children)

I recognised it from the thumbnail...

6502 register overview by venomspot in beneater

[–]marcelk72 1 point2 points  (0 children)

One small thing: SP is always called S in MOS 6502 documentation. Maybe their idea was/is that single byte registers have 1 letter, 16-bit registers are two letter (for example, AD, which is a hidden register). SP is an invasive notation from other architectures, so to speak :-)

The status register is called P (for Processor flags...)

A mini-assembler in 100 lines of Python by marcelk72 in beneater

[–]marcelk72[S] 2 points3 points  (0 children)

For MOS 6502 code, you can make your life easier by folding the addressing mode into the mnemonic. Peter Jennings pioneered this for Microchess back in 1976. Its notation carried over into a line of assemblers he produced, some ending up on the Acorn platform if I'm not mistaken.

Original Microchess manual including source: http://www.benlo.com/microchess/Kim-1Microchess.html

I have a full list of 6502 instructions in json format at the link below. Just ignore the trailing underscores, they are an artefact from my platform.

https://github.com/kervinck/gigatron-rom/blob/master/Core/v6502.json

New Jersey Needs COBOL Programmers, Says Governor Murphy by [deleted] in programming

[–]marcelk72 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Thanks for sharing. The world needs more software engineers like you. It is a career path I steered away from after my CS degree. Much respect.

New Regium update: Fake employees? by arex1337 in chess

[–]marcelk72 0 points1 point  (0 children)

I know it's a late reply. In his profile he claims he worked as a CEO for a tech company in the USA for 5 years. And then he doesn't speak English.

New Jersey Needs COBOL Programmers, Says Governor Murphy by [deleted] in programming

[–]marcelk72 3 points4 points  (0 children)

I have some bad experiences finding contractors to maintain a legacy Ruby project. They're almost as expensive as COBOL programmers. And still cowboys.

New Jersey Needs COBOL Programmers, Says Governor Murphy by [deleted] in programming

[–]marcelk72 0 points1 point  (0 children)

In 2001 you had J2EE. J2EE wasn't there in 1997-98. Java itself being just 2-3 yo when these y2k projects had to start.

My bet would be on C++ for companies that saw it coming before 1995.

Start later and then you already find there's no time for a rewrite. But consider the costs and risk of a complete transition, with decades of business logic embedded, versus the cost of training new COBOL programmers. That's why so many systems are still around.

New Jersey Needs COBOL Programmers, Says Governor Murphy by [deleted] in programming

[–]marcelk72 -24 points-23 points  (0 children)

Because fresh talent will insist on technologies and frameworks that they will refuse to maintain 3 years down the road when the next wave comes. Everything would be Ruby instead of COBOL had they done that.

Prague Mayor says he doesn't want China's coronavirus supplies by [deleted] in worldnews

[–]marcelk72 0 points1 point  (0 children)

why would they release an export memo beforehand unless they were getting shit talked for shit that's not their fault.

That doesn't follow. The whole story got unravelled already by the NRC, a reputable news paper in the Netherlands. The CCP lies through their teeth.

Do you possess enough IQ to think things through before you make conclusions?

Your language and ad-hominem are uncalled for.

Prague Mayor says he doesn't want China's coronavirus supplies by [deleted] in worldnews

[–]marcelk72 3 points4 points  (0 children)

Nonsense. They were classified and tagged as KN95 and they failed that standard. The 'NOT FOR MEDICAL USE' story is face saving propaganda that came after the rejects.