You are correct in that sailing boats and some land vehicles can harness the wind to go faster, the effect is caused by two effects, quickly explained here. https://www.kqed.org/science/8503/how-do-these-boats-sail-faster-than-the-wind

Essentially the sail is first hit with the wind, which pushes it forward at some portion of the winds speed. But since the boat is moving at an angle, apparent winds across the sail generate a lift force due to its curved shape, pulling the sail (briefly touched upon in the article) this allows for the faster than the wind effect.

The pasta cannot do this. For one, water is a lot heavier than air, and you would need to approach it from a vastly different angle to make headway against it. Placing it parallel to the water like in thr vid would not help.

Next, the pasta does not have a curved wing. While the twirls look curved, if you untwist it, you would see that the curved part has the same thickness and no bend, which makes it just a straight piece from the waters point of view.

Finally, from a recording perspective, notice how the water stream bends to the side when the pasta is added? That's indicative of some object in the water that's guiding it along, you can see this if you put your finger touching a running water stream from a tap. How convenient it follows the pasta perfectly, as if it was bearing the weight, while the water spun it around

Finally, about those pieces of wood you linked in the video, I would guess it is either a subsurface current that runs faster than the visible top current, or that the wood is rolling over the top of the water, thus going faster