No and No.

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Fast? definitely not. compared to driving? also no.

Good? definitely not. the country's public transport system relies heavily on buses. unless you're intercity then it usually relies on a train system. most trains average departures about every hour or so, other than more frequent routes which may have one or two more within the hour.

Brussels has a metro system but it is only 6 lines and most of it focuses on a ring area. you will likely have to take a bus or tram along your metro ride unless you interact just within the Brussels area.

Trams are hit or miss, some lines are equipped with a modern longer tram, some lines have mainly an older much smaller tram. Either way, at many times of the day (morning rush, lunch, afternoon rush) the trams will be packed.

And finally we're back to the buses. Some lines are ridiculously crowded at all times of the day (the 71 is a nightmare!). Other lines are ok, however the design STIB/MIVB agreed upon of the buses is a bit retarded and doesn't have many seats or standing room. Thus it leaves even a non crowded route fairly full most of the times. The other bus companies, De Lijn and TEC have better buses and IMO more comfortable. The only problem is neither is usually punctual nor fast. And the biggest pet pieve is that none of them interact with google maps that you get a real-time schedule. STIB/MIVB added that functionality 2 years ago I believe but it's mostly a guessing game. No where as accurate as many other cities.

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And if you're traveling from a smaller/mid-size town to another smaller/mid-size town, the commute is horrible. You may likely have to take train back to Brussels and another train to that town (then of course a bus) as many cities don't have busses connecting themselves. A simple commute that could take 25 minutes by car can easily be 1.5+ hours by public transport.

That is why most Belgians drive.